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Polyamines (PA) are polycations with pleiotropic functions in cellular physiology and pathology. In particular, PA have been involved in the regulation of cell homeostasis and proliferation participating in th...
Clinical outcome after traumatic brain injury (TBI) is closely associated conditions of other organs, especially lungs as well as degree of brain injury. Even if there is no direct lung damage, severe brain in...
Neural progenitor cells (NPCs) can be cultivated from developing brains, reproducing many of the processes that occur during neural development. They can be isolated from a variety of animal models, such as tr...
Histone ubiquitination modification is emerging as a critical epigenetic mechanism involved in a range of biological processes. In vitro reconstitution of ubiquitinated nucleosomes is pivotal for elucidating t...
About 1/3 of primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) patients suffered from poor response worldwide. And these patients present intestinal disturbances. We aimed to identify signatures of microbiota and metabolites ...
N6-methyladenosine (m6A) methylation is a prevalent RNA modification implicated in various diseases. However, its role in intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD), a common cause of low back pain, remains unclear.
Paraptosis is a programmed cell death characterized by cytoplasmic vacuolation, which has been explored as an alternative method for cancer treatment and is associated with cancer resistance. However, the mech...
Chronic inflammatory musculoskeletal disorders characterized by prolonged muscle inflammation, resulting in enduring pain and diminished functionality, pose significant challenges for the patients. Emerging sc...
The central nervous system (CNS) is the most delicate system in human body, with the most complex structure and function. It is vulnerable to trauma, infection, neurodegeneration and autoimmune diseases, and a...
The glycolytic enzyme alpha-enolase is a known biomarker of many cancers and involved in tumorigenic functions unrelated to its key role in glycolysis. Here, we show that expression of alpha-enolase correlates...
Recent studies have shifted the spotlight from adult disease to gametogenesis and embryo developmental events, and these are greatly affected by various environmental chemicals, such as drugs, metabolites, pol...
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) have emerged as a predominant threat to human health, surpassing the incidence and mortality rates of neoplastic diseases. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) serve as vital mediators i...
Ototoxicity is a major side effect of many broadly used aminoglycoside antibiotics (AGs) and no FDA-approved otoprotective drug is available currently. The zebrafish has recently become a valuable model to inv...
The adult intestinal epithelium is a complex, self-renewing tissue composed of specialized cell types with diverse functions. Intestinal stem cells (ISCs) located at the bottom of crypts, where they divide to ...
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) incidence is continuously increasing worldwide, due to the rise of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) cases. Cholesterol is an essential driver of the metabo...
Mammalian or mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) is an effective therapeutic target for diseases such as cancer, diabetes, aging, and neurodegeneration. However, an efficient tool for monitoring...
Observational studies have reported that gut microbiota composition is associated with metabolic syndrome. However, the causal effect of gut microbiota on metabolic syndrome has yet to be confirmed.
Human patients often experience an episode of serious seizure activity, such as status epilepticus (SE), prior to the onset of temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE), suggesting that SE can trigger the development of ep...
In vitro disease modeling enables translational research by providing insight into disease pathophysiology and molecular mechanisms, leading to the development of novel therapeutics. Nevertheless, in vitro sys...
Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is a genetically heterogeneous group of degenerative disorders causing progressive vision loss due to photoreceptor death. RP affects other retinal cells, including the retinal pigmen...
Methylmalonic acidemia (MMA) is a rare inborn error of propionate metabolism caused by deficiency of the mitochondrial methylmalonyl-CoA mutase (MUT) enzyme. As matter of fact, MMA patients manifest impairment...
Gut microbiota and their metabolites play a regulatory role in skeletal muscle growth and development, which be known as gut-muscle axis. 3-phenylpropionic acid (3-PPA), a metabolite produced by colonic microo...
Enolase, a multifunctional protein with diverse isoforms, has generally been recognized for its primary roles in glycolysis and gluconeogenesis. The shift in isoform expression from α-enolase to neuron-specifi...
Transcriptional coactivator with PDZ-biding motif (TAZ) is widely expressed in most tissues and interacts with several transcription factors to regulate cell proliferation, differentiation, and death, thereby ...
Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) is a family of broad substrate specificity serine (Ser)/threonine (Thr) protein kinases that play a crucial role in the Ca2+-dependent signaling pathways. Its ...
The cyclic guanosine monophosphate (GMP)-adenosine monophosphate (AMP) synthase-stimulator of interferon genes (cGAS-STING) signaling pathway, an important component of the innate immune system, is involved in...
Psoriasis is an inflammatory skin disease characterized by the hyperproliferative epidermal keratinocytes and significant immune cells infiltration, leading to cytokines production such as IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-23,...
Acute lung injury (ALI) is strongly associated with hospitalization and mortality in patients with sepsis. Recent evidence suggests that pyroptosis mediated by NLRP3(NOD-, LRR- and pyrin domain-containing 3) i...
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most prevalent neurodegenerative disease with limited disease-modifying treatments. Drug repositioning strategy has now emerged as a promising approach for anti-AD drug discover...
Extensive hepatocyte mortality and the absence of specific medical therapy significantly contribute to the unfavorable prognosis of acute liver failure (ALF). Ferroptosis is a crucial form of cell death involv...
Data on the course of viral infections revealed severe inflammation as a consequence of antiviral immune response. Despite extensive research, there are insufficient data on the role of innate immune cells in ...
The evolution of demyelination in individual internodes remains unclear although it has been noticed the paranodal demyelination precedes internodal demyelination in neuropathies with diverse aetiologies. For ...
Pain is a common symptom of many diseases with a high incidence rate. Clinically, drug treatment, as the main method to relieve pain at present, is often accompanied by different degrees of adverse reactions. ...
Ivermectin (IVM) is a commonly prescribed antiparasitic treatment with pharmacological effects on invertebrate glutamate ion channels resulting in paralysis and death of invertebrates. However, it can also act...
Reciprocal interactions between the tumor microenvironment (TME) and cancer cells play important roles in tumorigenesis and progression of glioma. Glioma-associated macrophages (GAMs), either of peripheral ori...
Stress is a recognized risk factor for cognitive decline, which triggers neuroinflammation involving microglial activation. However, the specific mechanism for microglial activation under stress and affects le...
Brain function and neuronal activity depend on a constant supply of blood from the cerebral circulation. The cerebral venous system (CVS) contains approximately 70% of the total cerebral blood volume; similar ...
The anti-aging protein Klotho plays a protective role in kidney disease, but its potential as a biomarker for chronic kidney disease (CKD) is controversial. Additionally, the main pathways through which Klotho...
Canavan disease is an autosomal recessive and lethal neurological disorder, characterized by the spongy degeneration of the white matter in the brain. The disease is caused by a deficiency of the cytosolic asp...
Autophagy is a cellular self-degradation process that plays a crucial role in maintaining metabolic functions in cells and organisms. Dysfunctional autophagy has been linked to various diseases, including canc...
The prevalence of Crohn’s disease (CD), a subtype of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), is increasing worldwide. The pathogenesis of CD is hypothesized to be related to environmental, genetic, immunological, an...
Repeated neonatal sevoflurane exposures led to neurocognitive disorders in young mice. We aimed to assess the role of microglia and complement C1q in sevoflurane-induced neurotoxicity and explore the underlyin...
Steroid receptor coactivator-1 (SRC-1, also known as NCOA1) frequently functions as a transcriptional coactivator by directly binding to transcription factors and recruiting to the target gene promoters to pro...
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) hold immense promise for use in immunomodulation and regenerative medicine. However, their inherent heterogeneity makes it difficult to achieve optimal therapeutic outcomes for a ...
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are RNA transcripts over 200 nucleotides in length that do not code for proteins. Initially considered a genomic mystery, an increasing number of lncRNAs have been shown to have v...
Bacterial cancer therapy was first trialled in patients at the end of the nineteenth century. More recently, tumour-targeting bacteria have been harnessed to deliver plasmid-expressed therapeutic interfering R...
Glioma is a highly heterogeneous brain tumor categorized into World Health Organization (WHO) grades 1–4 based on its malignancy. The suppressive immune microenvironment of glioma contributes significantly to ...
Glucose-lowering drug is associated with various cancers, but the causality with gastrointestinal cancer risk is rarely reported. We aimed to explore the causality between them in this Mendelian randomization ...
Ubiquitination is a critical post-translational modification which can be reversed with an enzyme family known as deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs). It has been reported that dysregulation of deubiquitination le...