Fig. 6

Matrix stiffness and TWIST1 upregulation impacts the biological behaviors of PA primary cells and/or SM-AP1 cells. (a) Representative live/dead images of PA primary cells seeded on the surface of GM90 hydrogel. (b) Representative live/dead images of SM-AP1 cells seeded on the surface of GM90 hydrogel. (c) Representative live/dead images of PA primary cells in 2D scratch assay. (d) Representative live/dead images of SM-AP1 cells in 2D scratch assay. (e) Invasion of PA primary cells seeded on the surface of GM90 hydrogel. (f) Invasion of SM-AP1 cells seeded on the surface of GM90 hydrogel. Scale bars = 50 µm. (g) TWIST1 protein staining was higher in CXPA than in PA. Scale bars = 20 µm. (h) CCK-8 assay showed that proliferation was reduced in SM-AP1 cells after being transfected with siTWIST1. (i) Migration of SM-AP1 with or without knocking down TWIST1 after 24 h. (j) Invasion of TWIST1-knockdown SM-AP1 cells and SM-AP1 cells after 24 h. Scale bars = 20 µm. The above independent experiments were repeated three times. ^**p < 0.01, ^***p < 0.001, ^****p < 0.0001, Student’s t-test. Error bars indicate mean ± SD.