The emerging studies on mesenchymal progenitors in the long bone

Cell & Bioscience

Table 2 Characterization of postnatal long bone derived mesenchymal progenitors

Development stage	Location	Cell name in reference	Marker	References
From embryonic to postnatal	Periosteum	Periosteal stem cell	CTSK⁺THY⁻6C3⁻CD49^lowCD51^low CD200⁺CD105⁻	[16, 52]
From embryonic to adult	Primary spongiosa		Sp7⁺	[20, 51, 81, 82]
From the neonatal to the growing stage	The border region of growth plate		Axin2⁺	[4, 51]
Newborn	The top of the resting zone of the growth plate	Long-term skeletal stem cells	FoxA2⁺Col10⁻	[50, 52]
Postnatal	Growth plate	Mouse skeletal stem cells	CD45⁻Ter119⁻Tie2⁻AlphaV⁺Thy⁻6C3⁻CD105⁻CD200⁺	[4, 63]
Postnatal	The borderline and the resting zone of the growth plate		Pthlh⁺	[50]
Postnatal	Bone marrow perivascular	Cxcl12 abundant reticular cells	Cxcl12⁺	[65]
Postnatal	The chondro-osseous junction immediately beneath the growth plate		PDGFRβ⁺	[77]
Postnatal	Primary spongiosa		αSMA⁺	[39, 79]
Postnatal	Immediately outside of innermost Col1a1 + cells of the periosteum	Osteochondral progenitor cells	Prrx1⁺	[39, 85, 86]
Young	The chondro-osseous junction immediately beneath the growth plate	Metaphyseal mesenchymal progenitors	Gli1⁺	[20, 79, 81, 82]
Young	Periosteum		Nestin⁺PDGFRα⁺	[7, 88]
Adult	Periosteum		LepR⁺	[85, 86, 88]
Adult	Surrounding sinusoids and arterioles in bone marrow	Bone marrow stromal cells	LepR⁺	[63, 88]
Adult	The cambial and fibrous layers of the periosteum		Gli1⁺	[88, 109]
Adult	Primary spongiosa and osse-chondro junction	Osteochondroreticular stem cells	Grem1⁺	[7, 16]
Adult	Perivascular and distributed throughout the bone marrow		LepR⁺Adipoq⁺	[109]

ISSN: 2045-3701