Fig. 4
External validation of mast cell infiltration in the testing set. A Bar plot showing IHC staining of mast cell (Tryptase) infiltration level (cell/mm2) in control and disease groups of the testing set. **p < 0.01. B Bar plot showing IHC staining of mast cell (Tryptase) infiltration level (cell/mm2) in different testicular pathologic status. Red asterisk represents significant versus full spermatogenesis group. ****p < 0.0001; ***p < 0.001. C Representative mast cell (Tryptase) IHC staining of testis with different spermatogenic status in the testing set. D Scatter plots showing spearman correlations between CCL2 expression and mast cell infiltration level in the testing set. E Scatter plots showing spearman correlations between mast cell infiltration level and JS in the testing set. F Scatter plots showing spearman correlations between mast cell infiltration level and testicular volumes (ml) in the testing set. Note: Only 58 patients were with known testicular volumes from the ultrasound. AOD average optical density, HS hypospermatogenesis, SA spermatogenic arrest, SCOS Sertoli-cell-only syndrome