Fig. 1
From: Diabetic retinopathy: reversibility of epigenetic modifications and new therapeutic targets
The role of genetics and epigenetics in the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy. Hyperglycemia induced breakdown of the blood retinal barrier (BRB) damage of the retinal neuronal vascular unit are the early pathogenic characteristics of DR. This figure illustrates the role of genetics (point mutation, deletion, amplification) and epigenetics (DNA methylation, histone modification, noncoding RNA, Chromatin remodeling) downstream of hyperglycemia in leading to diabetic retinopathy