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Table 1 Developmental and reproductive anomalies associated with p53 loss

From: Embryonic stem cells shed new light on the developmental roles of p53

Anomalies

Stage

Stress

Background

Molecular

References

    

mechanism

 

Implantation failure

Pre-implantation

Physiological

C57BL/6 J (more severe), 129/Sv and Mix

p53 regulates Lif

Hu, et al., Nature, 2007

Exencephaly

Embryonic

Physiological

129 (more severe), C57BL/6

Unclear

Armstrong, et al., Curr. Biol., 1995; Sah, et al., Nature Genetics, 1995

Renal hypoplasia

Embryonic

Physiological

C57BL/6

p53 regulates Pax2

Saifudeen, et al., Plos One, 2012

Polydactyly, megadactyly

Fetuses

X-ray

129/SvJ

Unclear

Norimura, et al., Nature Medicine, 1996

Tail anomaly

Fetuses

X-ray

129/SvJ

Unclear

Norimura, et al., Nature Medicine, 1996

Muscle

Adult

Physiological

Unknown

Unclear

Molchadsky, et al., Plos One, 2008

Testis

Adult

Physiological

129 (100% penetrance), C57BL/6X129 mix background is normal

Unclear

Rotter, et al., PNAS, 1993